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James S. Brown
| Name | James S. Brown |
| Ortssitz | Pawtucket (USA) |
| Art des Unternehmens | Maschinenfabrik |
| Quellenangaben | [Wiley: American iron trade manual (1874) 158] [Bishop: History of American manufacturers 3 (1868) 397] |
| Zeit |
Ereignis |
| 1817 |
James S. Brown, der spätere Eigentümer der Maschinenfabrik in Pawtucket, beginnt als Junge an Baumwollmaschinen in der Maschinenwerkstatt von David Wilkinson in Pawtucket zu arbeiten. |
| 1819 |
James S. Brown beginnt die Arbeit bei "Pitcher & Gay" in Pawtucket, auf der Massachusetts-Seite des Flusses. |
| 1820 |
Brown erfindet den Support / Stahlhalter (Slide Rest) an Drehbänken während seiner Zeit bei "Pitcher & Gay". |
| 1824 |
Brown bleibt bei "Pitcher & Gay" in Pawtucket, bis Mr. Gay sich aus der Firma zurückzieht und Brown als Partner von Pitcher aufgenommen wird. Die Firma lautet nun "Pitcher & Brown". |
| 1830 |
Brown erfindet seine Zahnradhobelmaschine (Gear Cutter) zum Hobeln von Kegelrädern. |
| 1839/1840 |
Die ersten Selfaktoren werden durch Major Bradford Durfee aus Fall River, Mass., in den Jahren 1839-40 in die USA eingeführt. Major Durfee ist Vertreter der "Annawam Cotton Mill" in Fall River und besuchte Europa geschäftlich in Bezug mit seiner Firma. Während er in England ist, kauft er bei "Sharpe & Roberts" sechs von ihren Selfaktor-Head Stocks. Sie werden über Frankreich in die USA zu Mr. Durfee in Fall River geliefert. Von Fall River werden sie zu "Pitcher & Brown" in Pawtucket geschickt, und ein Teil läuft später in der Annawam Mill und der Rest in der Baumwollspinnerei in Fall River. |
| 09.1842 |
Pitcher zieht sich aus "Pitcher & Brown" zurück, und J. S. Brown wird Alleineigentümer. |
| 1847 |
Brown kauft Land und errichtet eine eigene Gießerei. Bisher wurden die Gußstücke in der Gießerei von General Shepard Leach in Easton, Mass., hergestellt. |
| 1849 |
Bau des Werkstattgebäudes |
| 1859 |
Errichtung eines soliden Gußmodellhauses |
| Produkt |
ab |
Bem. |
bis |
Bem. |
Kommentar |
| Woll- und Baumwollmaschinen |
1874 |
[Wiley: American iron trade (1874)] |
1874 |
[Wiley: American iron trade (1874)] |
Vorgabe: Cotton and woollen machinery |
| ZEIT | 1868 |
| THEMA | Firmenbeschreibung |
| TEXT | His son, Mr. James S. Brown, now proprietor of the most extensive Machine Works in Pawtucket, is even more distinguished than the father as a Machinist and an Inventor. In 1817, while yet a boy, he went to work on cotton machinery in the shop of David Wilkinson, in Pawtucket, and in 1819 he went into the employ of Messrs. Pitcher & Gay, in Pawtucket, on the Massachusetts side of the river. He remained with them until 1824, when Mr. Gay retired from the firm, and Mr. Brown was' taken into the business as a partner by Mr. Pitcher. This firm, under the name of Pitcher & Brown, did a successful business in the manufacture of cotton machinery till September, 1842, when Mr. Pitcher retired from the business, leaving it entirely in the hands of Mr. Brown. The Slide Rest used on Turning Lathes, by which the height of the tool can be adjusted while the lathe is in motion, was invented by Mr. Brown, while in the employ of Pitcher & Gay, in 1820. Among other useful tools, now familiar to machinists, Mr. Brown, in the year 1830, invented his Gear Cutter for cutting Bevel Gears. The advantage of this inachine is, that it requires no change of the head-stock to make the proper taper in going once round the wheel. After the introduction of the celebrated Sharpe & Roberts' Patent Self-Acting Mule into this country, Mr. Brown immediately turned his attention to their manufacture, and in building these machines has acquired a reputation second to no machinist in the United States. These Mules were first introduced into the United States by Major Bradford Durfee, of Fall River, Mass., in the years 1839-40. Major Durfee was then agent of the Annawam Cotton Mill at Fall River, and visited Europe on business connected with his company. While in England he purchased of Sharpe & Roberts six of their Mule Head Stocks. They were shipped to some port in France, whence they were reshipped to this country and forwarded to Mr. Durfee at Fall River. From Fall River they were sent to Messrs. Pitcher & Brown at Pawtucket, and a part are now running in the Annawam Mill, and the remainder in the Fall River Cotton Mill. The first Sharpe & Roberts' Self-Operating Mules made in this country were built by Pitcher & Brown for Messrs. S. & H. B. Chace, of Valley Falls, R. L, where they are now in successful operation. Mr. Brown applied himself with great diligence to perfecting and simplifying the work on this Mule invention, making many new and ingenious tools for that purpose. Among other improvements made by him on this Mule, was putting a Catch Box in the middle of the carriage under the head, in place of a set of changing, gears - which improvement is believed by many to be the life of the mule in this country. The castings used by him in his Works were procured from the foundry of General Shepard Leach, in Easton, Mass., up to 1847. In that year he purchased the land on which his present establishment is located, and erected a Foundry Building forty by eighty feet, and made bis first castings therein on the last day of that year. This furnace has supplied him since with all the castings he has required in his business. The extensive and well-arranged shop in which his business is now carried on, was erected by him in 1849. Having decided to build, he was met at the outset with the difficulty of not finding in the market such bricks as he required. With characteristic energy and self-reliance he purchased a tract of land in Pawtucket river, called Bucklin's Island, containing a fine bed of clay, and manufactured his own bricks. His shop is built entirely of brick from his own brick-yard. It is four hundred feet in length by sixty in breadth, two and a half stories high, with a large wing attached in which is stationed the steam-engine that supplies the power for the whole shop. In addition to this shop and furnace, is a substantial Pattern House forty by seventy-two feet, two and a half stories above the basement, built in 1859, and several other smaller buildings, for various uses - all so conveniently arranged and admirably adapted to their several purposes, as to make this one of the largest and most complete establishments of the kind in the country. The tools in this establishment were nearly all of them built by Mr. Brown, and for several of them he has obtained letters-patent. His Tool-Holder Turning Lathes, the Fluting Engine improved by him, and many other of his Tools, are well known to machinists, and un-equaled for the several purposes for which they are used. The Sharpe & Roberts' Mule, and the Long Flyer Speeder, are the only cotton-manufacturing machines which Mr. Brown has built for several years. When the English Fly-Frame was being generally introduced, he was urged by many manufacturers to build that machine for them; but he steadily refused to do so, with a firmness that seemed to them almost like obstinacy, insisting upon it that they were not what manufacturers of cotton wanted, and that the American long-flyer Roving Machine could be rendered far superior to the English Fly-Frame. He turned his attention to the improvement of the American Speeder. After careful study and many experiments, he succeeded in accomplishing the. desired result, and took out a patent for his improvements in January, 1857. The result has fully verified the correctness of his opinion. Almost from the time that he took out his patent for his improvements, the demands of manufacturers compelled him to abandon the building of Mules, and to turn the whole force of his shop to the construction of his Patent. Speeder; and nearly the entire force of another large machine shop in the vicinity has been employed in making the same machine, without being able to supply the demand. Among the many inventions of Mr. Brown, for which he has secured letters-patent, is his improved Turning Lathe, for turning bodies longitudinally of irregular surfaces, and in a great variety of forms. This machine, which was designed for turning cotton-machinery rolls, has acquired a new reputation since the outbreak of the war, and the extraordinary demand for muskets, which converted so many machine shops into armories. During the progress of the war, the building of Tools for the manufacture of guns occupied much of the attention of Mr. Brown, and to a great extent superseded all other kinds of work in his shop. |
| QUELLE | [Bishop: History of American manufacturers 3 (1868) 397] |
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