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William Colgate & Company
| Name | William Colgate & Company |
| Ortssitz | New York City |
| Straße | Dutch Street |
| Art des Unternehmens | chemische Fabrik |
| Anmerkungen | Anfangs: New York, Dutch Street 4-6. Fabrikation seit 1847 in Jersey City (s.d.). Von 1806-1858 "William Colgate & Company", dann bis 1928 "Colgate & Company". 1928 nach Zusammenschluß mit der "B. J. Johnson Company", Milwaukee, WI ("Palmolive") und "Peet Brothers", Kansas: "Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Company", seit 1953 "Colgate-Palmolive Company" |
| Quellenangaben | Wikipedia (2006) [Bishop: History of American manufacturers 3 (1868) 163] |
| Zeit |
Ereignis |
| 1806 |
Gründung durch William Colgate als Stärke-, Seifen- und Kerzenfabrik. Er beginnt seine Produktion in bescheidenem Umfange. |
| 1806 |
William Colgate beginnt seine Produktion in bescheidenem Umfange. |
| 1847 |
Verlegung der Produktion von New York nach Jersey City |
| 1850 |
Die Produktion von Luxusseifen wird ergänzt. |
| 1857 |
Tod von William Colgate und Umfirmierung in "Colgate & Company" unter der Leitung von Samuel Colgate, dem Sohn des Gründers |
| 1872 |
Einführung der "Cashmere Bouquet", einer parfümierten Seife |
| 1873 |
Produktionsbeginn der Zahnpasta, zunächst in Gläsern |
| 1908 |
Die Zahnpasta wird in Tuben verpackt |
| 1928 |
Vereinigung zu "Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Company" |
| Produkt |
ab |
Bem. |
bis |
Bem. |
Kommentar |
| Kerzen |
1806 |
Beginn |
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| Seife |
1806 |
Beginn |
1928 |
Umbenennung |
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| Zahnpasta |
1873 |
Beginn |
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Seit 1908 in Tuben |
Zeit = 1: Zeitpunkt unbekannt
| ZEIT | 1868 |
| THEMA | Firmenbeschreibung |
| TEXT | Of Soaps and Candles, is probably the oldest and undoubtedly the most extensive in the United States. It was founded by William Colgate, the father of one of the present proprietors, who embarked in the business in a small way in 1806, when the total value of Soap and Candles made in regular factories in the United States did not probably exceed half a million of dollars annually. The manufactory was situated at Nos. 4 and 6 Dutch street, New York, and continued there until 1847, when it was removed to Jersey City, where the present extensive Works were erected to accommodate the increasing business of the firm. Mr. William Colgate died in 1857, after half a century of successful business enterprise, and many years of active benevolence, leaving to his family and successors an honorable name and a well-established business. The present members of the firm are Samuel Colgate and Charles C. Colgate, who continue to occupy for their warehouse the original premises in which Mr. Colgate commenced his career as a manufacturer sixty years since. The manufacture of Soap in all its branches is essentially a chemical art, and rises in dignity in proportion to the amount of intelligence and scientific knowledge brought to its direction. In its higher departments no small degree of these attributes is required to insure success. Although the art is a very ancient one, the true theory of saponi-fication was not known until the publication, less than fifty years ago, of the able researches of Mr. Chevreul, the French chemist, on the nature and constitution of the fixed oils and fats. All common fats and oils are now known to consist of three neutral bodies or proximate constituents : stearin, margarin, and olein, associated in different proportions. Upon the relative amounts of these elements depends the degree of consistency of the fatty body at ordinary temperatures, its fluidity being greater, and its melting point lower, as the latter constituent predominates. When saponified by the aid of heat with a strong alkaline solution, as of soda or potash, these bodies are each resolved into glycerine and a fatty acid, and the latter combining chemically with the alkali, produces Soap. This compound is therefore strictly a salt of the fatty acid and the alkaline base, and formed in a manner analogous to the neutral salts. Soda produces hard, and potash soft Soap, and both owe their detergent property entirely to the alkali. The consistence or firmness of the Soap also depends upon the oil or fat used, being greater when made of the solid fats, as tallow, bone-grease, butter, etc., which owe their consistence to stearin and margarin, than when the liquid oils, as palm, almond, rape seed, castor oil, etc., are employed, which consist principally of olein. Many of the modern improvements in Soap making, which have been quite numerous since 1840, consist in the use of new vegetable or animal oils as materials; in the mechanical and chemical methods of purifying, deodorizing, and preparing them; and especially of separating the olein and glycerin from the fatty acids, so as to obtain the stearin aud stearic acid, either for Soap or Candles - in which operation hydraulic pressure has been found to be one of the most efficient agencies. But perhaps the most important invention ever made in the manufacture, has been in the employment of steam, which has wonderfully facilitated, cheapened, and improved the processes both of Soap and Candle making. It has effected a great saving of fuel, and enabled the manufacturer to arrest the boiling process at the precise moment - which is a matter of much importance. It has reduced the number of hands required, and in various other ways has proved to be an agency almost indispensable to the manufacture of Soap and Candles on a large scale. In large Soap Laboratories, the steam series usually consists of three caldrons - one for white, and one for yellow, and one for palm and other fine Soaps - and these are often of very large size. In Colgate's Manufactory, these caldrons, though not so large as some others, have a capacity of thirty tons each. In this, as in other well-regulated establishments, the apartments are arranged with especial reference to convenience, and each is devoted to its special purpose The "frame room" or "drying loft", where the Soap, after it is formed, is placed to cool, is in the second story of the main building, and contains over three hundred cast-iron frames, which are now preferred to wood, both because they can be taken apart and put together with greater facility, and the metal is found to hasten the cooling of the Soap. In the other rooms are numerous presses for stamping Fancy Soaps, and all the appliances for producing a hundred tons of Soap weekly. In another part of the Works is a Candle Manufactory, where pressed Tallow Candles for the West India markets are made by means of a patent Candle-Moulding Apparatus, with extraordinary rapidity. In connection with the establishment is also a Box Manufactory, having machines and facilities for turning out one thousand-boxes per day. The dovetailing machine used here is a remarkable labor-saving invention. The buildings have a front of about four hundred feet on the main street, and cover two thirds of an entire block. This firm manufacture about a hundred different varieties of Soap, including rare Fancy Soaps, and those for manufacturers' use. The department of Fancy Soaps was added to the business in 1850, and their success in this branch has materially diminished the importation of foreign Soaps. As an illustration of the extent of the business done by this firm, we may state that during the year 1865 they paid to the United States Government a Manufacturer's Revenue Tax of one hundred and thirty-three thousand dollars. |
| QUELLE | [Bishop: History of American manufacturers 3 (1868) 163] |
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