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Elektrizitätswerk Pontresina
| Name | Elektrizitätswerk Pontresina |
| Ortssitz | Pontresina (Schweiz) |
| Art des Unternehmens | Elektrizitätswerk |
| Anmerkungen | Mit Kraftwerk bei Morteratsch am Bernina-Bach, 6 km von Pontresina entfernt. Spannung: 4500 V. Mit rotierenden Gleichstrom-Gleichstrom-Umformern auf 130 V. Erbaut von "R. Alioth & Co.", Basel. |
| Quellenangaben | [Hedges: Continental electric light stations (1892) 42] |
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| Elektrizität |
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4500 V Gleichstrom aus Wasserkraft |
| ZEIT | um 1892 |
| THEMA | Beschreibung |
| TEXT | Four miles south from there, where the famous Morteratsch glacier runs into the narrow valley, are found the magnificent falls coming from the high pass of Beminabaches, which are utilized for the works. The water itself is partly collected In a small reservoir, 6600 feet above sea-level, and from thence is laid a cast-iron pipe, is inches in diameter at the foot of the mountain and glacier, to the turbine-house. The works are arranged for a pressure of 190 lbs., due to a height of 430 feet, and a flow of water of at least 62 gallons per second; in summer the stream conveys a greater quantity of water. The general electrical arrangement of the station is at follows: In the station on the Morteratsch glacier the energy of the water is utilized in turbines to give a high-tension continuous current, which is taken by two wires - primary mains - to a second station in the middle of Pontresina - the transformer station - where it works the continuous-current transformer, which transforms it to a lower tension, which is then applied to the simple two-wire system in the district Fig. 40 shows a plan of the arrangement with regard to the equipment, each station is to be provided with four dynamos, of which three have been already erected. The generator dynamos, and primary winding of the transformer are connected in parallel; the secondary winding of the transformer is in parallel with the supply mains. In the generating station, the 75 H.P. high-pressure turbines, by Escher Wyss & Co., Zurich, are joined directly, by flexible couplings, with the dynamos of R. Alioth & Co. The latter give, at a speed of 500 revolutions per minute, 34 amperes at 1500 volts. These dynamos are run at constant speed, the turbines being provided with automatic speed regulators, so that the transformers of the secondary station in Pontresina also run at approximately the same speed with varying loads; and the regulation of the current can be effected at the latter station. The primary station has, therefore, little to do either with the regulation or with the distribution of the supply. The three machines together give a total production of 34 amperes, at 4500 volts. The primary leads, consisting of copper wire, 2 inch in diameter, are run overhead on oil insulators in the usual way. In the transformer station, the high-tension current is taken to a switchboard, on which are the measuring instruments and safety appliances, and also the connections to the continuous-current transformers. By means of a multiple switch, the number of transformers at work is kept the same as the number of generators, according as the consumption of current varies. The transformers have six-pole field magnets with two drum armatures. The secondary armature gives 280 amperes at 130 volts, and is regulated from a second switchboard in the same way as an ordinary shunt dynamo in direct-current stations. All the necessary instruments for controlling and regulating the secondary currents, and the safety appliances, are connected here. From this switch-board six feeders
go to the supply mains, which are of bare wire, and are run overhead. The output, which at present reaches a maximum of 840 amperes at 130 volts, is used for 120 volt glow lamps. Already 18 arc lamps are connected, and over 1700 glow lamps of various powers, which are used for both street illumination and private lighting; the latter is chiefly for the larger hotels of Pontresina. The undertaking was converted into a Co-operative Company of Consumers, which each inhabitant of the district can join, and is managed at a small cost. In spite of the great distance between the generating station and consumers' district (four miles), this central station was arranged for direct current, in order to obtain its many advantages, the principal one being safety. The business of the electric supply company is expected to increase greatly as soon as there is a demand for power, to be furnished by means of small motors. |
| QUELLE | [Hedges: Continental electric light stations (1892) 42] |
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