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P. & G. Lorillard
| Name | P. & G. Lorillard |
| Ortssitz | New York City |
| Art des Unternehmens | Schnupftabakfabrik |
| Anmerkungen | Vergl. "P. Lorillard & Company" in Jersey City als Tabakfabrik. |
| Quellenangaben | [Bishop: History of American manufacturers 3 (1868) 528] |
| Produkt |
ab |
Bem. |
bis |
Bem. |
Kommentar |
| Schnupftabak |
1868 |
[Bishop: Hist. of Amer. manuf. I (1868)] |
1868 |
[Bishop: Hist. of Amer. manuf. I (1868)] |
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| ZEIT | 1868 |
| THEMA | Firmenbeschreibung |
| TEXT | Whose mills are located on the river Bronx in Westchester county. Tobacco for Snuff is first run through a cutting machine, which divides it into coarse pieces; these are then taken to the curing rooms, of which there are a large number in this factory. The Tobacco is placed in immense bins, and moistened with salt water, where it is left for a long time to cure or ferment. , It has to be turned every week or two, and when the curing process has progressed far enough, it is taken to the Pan House, a large brick building, with furnaces under the floor. The house is filled with iron screens, upon which the Tobacco is placed to dry. A very hot fire is made in the furnaces, and the temperature of the brick room raised to a high degree. The steam and fumes from these pan houses are almost intolerable to those unaccustomed to them. Having been dried (and in the pan house the tobacco is toasted before a hot fire), it is packed in bags, where the coarse is separated from the fine on batting cloths, and it is then reduced to a powder, and sent to the factory in New York city to be scented and packed. When the snuff returns from the Bronx, it is dry and in lumps, and has to go through the process of rubbing down, as it is denominated, being run through a machine sieve. It is then put into large bins, and wet with a very strong brine, sprinkled upon it as a gardener would water his flowers. Being mixed until it is all of the same moisture, it is then taken to the store-rooms, and put away in bins six feet deep by four wide, and nine feet high, where it remains until it is scented and ready to be packed. For scenting some kinds of snuff the Otto of Roses is largely employed, Maccaboy especially being always scented with this article. It takes but a very small quantity of this powerful scent to perfume a large quantity of tobacco, and yet three thousand ounces are annually consumed, which cost twelve dollars an ounce, amounting to the sum of thirty-six thousand dollars a year in gold. These roses, of which the otto is made, are grown at Smyrna and in the Kisanlik district of Turkey. It is estimated to take ten thousand roses to make one ounce of the otto - thus it will be seen that for the single item of scenting one kind of snuff no less than thirty millions of roses are annually consumed. The Messrs. Lorillard have endeavored to grow these roses in America, but without success, as they are not fragrant enough to produce the oil in sufficient quantities. When the Snuff has been scented, it is packed in jars, bottles, or bladders. In the Snuff room, a man stands before a large trough of the material, and with his hands he fills a five or ten pound stone jar, packing it in very solidly. One man can fill one hundred and fifty of these a day. After the jars are ready for the market, they are put up in cases of six or one dozen each, being packed in so tight-with shavings that it is often necessary to break the box or barrel before they can be taken out. This is called the muscular department, and men with iron-armed mauls drive the shavings to their places with as much force as the smith forges his iron. Maccaboy and Rappee Snuff contain a certain amount of moisture, but the Yellow Scotch Snuffs are very dry, and the powder is so fine and light that it flies all over the room, consequently it has to be packed in a separate room. A great deal of Snuff is put up in half pound bottles. The bottles are placed in a large box, the mouths opening upward; the Snuff is then passed into the box, and a slight shaking serves to fill the bottles. It has been found impossible to get bladders enough in the United States to pack Snuff in, and thousands have to be imported from Europe. American butchers will not save them. In one storeroom we saw fifty thousand bladders, each holding ten pounds of Snuff, all varnished and labelled, piled up in great heaps. After they have been packed with Snuff, they are sent out to what is called the steam house, where the bladders are cured by steaming. The bladders of calves, cows, and bullocks are used. One man can pack five hundred pounds of Snuff per day in bladders. Besides Snuff, this firm are large manufacturers of Fine Cut Chewing and Smoking Tobacco. During the year 1866 they paid a Kevenue Tax of over one million of dollars. Their printing bill, for Labels, amounted to over one thousand dollars a month. The average amount of stock on hand, for six years, reaches the enormous figure of one million three hundred thousand pounds. The amount of stock on hand for the year 1866, reached three millions of pounds. In 1860, over one million pounds of Snuff alone were packed by this house, no less than forty-one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five stone jars-averaging four, eight, fifteen and twenty-five pounds of Snuff each-being turned out, besides three millions of bottles. |
| QUELLE | [Bishop: History of American manufacturers 3 (1868) 528] |
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